Okwangoku, njengoko uluntu lufuna ukuphila ubomi obusempilweni, amazwe ehlabathini lonke aya emisela imiqathango emidiza yesintu.Phakathi kwamalungu e-194 e-WHO, amalungu e-181 avumile iNgqungquthela yeNkqubo-sikhokeloUlawulo lwecuba, egubungela ama-90 ekhulwini abemi behlabathi.Amazwe ngokuthe ngcembe aqulunqa awawo amalungiselelo okunciphisa umsi okanye kwanezicwangciso zokungatshayi.
Kodwa ngenyaniso engenakuphikwa, ngoku kukho malunga newaka lezigidi zeentshayi zemveli ehlabathini.Ukuba akukho ndlela yimbi okanye izongezo kwezinye iimveliso zokubonelela abathengi becuba lemveli ngokhetho oluninzi kunye nezinto ezinokwenzeka, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuphumeza ukuthotywa kwamazinga okutshaya okanye izicwangciso zokungatshayi ezenziwe ngamazwe ahlukeneyo.Ukuvela kweemveliso ze-cigarette ze-elektroniki zizalise le ndawo ngendlela ethile.
Namhlanje, ihlabathii-e-cigaretteiimveliso zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ezingatshayiyo kunye nezingatshayiyo ngokusetyenziswa kwazo.Phakathi kwazo, kukho iimveliso zomsi ngokwemigaqo yazo yokusebenza, enokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini: icuba ze-elektroniki ze-atomization kunye ne-heat-not-burn (HNB) i-cigarettes ye-elektroniki.Imidiza ye-electronic atomized cigarettes ivelisa igesi ngolwelo lweatomizing ukuze abantu batshaye;Imidiza ye-elektroniki ye-HNB ivelisa igesi ngokufudumeza icuba, elikufutshane kumsi wokwenene.Ngokubhekiselele koku, imidiza ye-athomu ye-elektroniki yahluke kakhulu kwimidiza yendabuko.Iisigarethi zombane ze-HNB zohluka kuphela kwindlela ezivelisa ngayo umsi.
Ke ngoko, ngale ndlela, icuba leatomizing ye-elektroniki ngummeli oqhelekileyo weemveliso ze-elektroniki zecuba.Kule ngxelo, ngaphandle kokuba kucaciswe ngolunye uhlobo, iimveliso zecuba ze-elektroniki zizisigarethi ze-athomu zombane.
“Ukunciphisa ingozi” lixabiso lentengiso yemidiza ye-elektroniki
Ukususela ekusekweni kwayo ngo-2003,i-e-cigaretteiimveliso ziye zadlula ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi yophuhliso.Ifom yemveliso ibe ngakumbi kwaye igqibelele, kwaye imisebenzi kunye namava aye aphuculwa ngokuqhubekayo.Ngokukodwa, iimpawu "zokunciphisa umonakalo" zei-e-cigarettesngokuthe ngcembe baye bafumana ukuqondwa kwimarike kunye neziko.
Xa kuthelekiswa nemidiza yendabuko, i-cigarettes ye-elektroniki ayitshisi, ayinayo i-tar, kwaye ayinayo imichiza engaphezulu kwe-460 yezinto ezinokubangela izifo zokuphefumla kunye ne-cardiovascular xa kutshiswa i-cigarettes eqhelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela isusa i-carcinogens kwi-cigarettes eqhelekileyo..
Uphononongo lweCDC eUnited States lukholelwa ukuba umxholo wecuba-specific nitrosamine metabolite NNAL kumchamo wabasebenzisi be-nebulised/vapor e-cigarette (ENDS) uphantsi kakhulu, eyi-2.2% yabasebenzisi becuba kunye ne-0.6% yecuba elingenamsi. abasebenzisi.Icuba-i nitrosamines zezona carcinogens kwicuba.Umbutho wezempilo waseBritani wakwathi xa kuthelekiswa nemidiza eqhelekileyo, unokunciphisa iingozi zempilo ubuncinane ngama-95%.Kunokuthiwa ukuphikisana phakathi kweemfuno zempilo zabathengi becuba eziqhelekileyo kunye neendawo ezibuhlungu zokuyeka ukutshaya kuye kwasonjululwa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu.
U-Pan Helin, umphathi we-Institute of Digital Economy yeYunivesithi yaseZhongnan yezoQoqosho kunye noMthetho, wathi "ukunciphisa ingozi" ye-e-cigarettes yeyona xabiso layo eliphambili, kwaye imarike inemfuno enjalo, ngoko uphuhliso lwayo lukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza. .Kwaye uYao Jianming, unjingalwazi kwiSikolo soShishino lweYunivesithi yaseRenmin yaseTshayina, wathi iimveliso ze-e-cigarette zinobuchule obutsha kakhulu kwingqikelelo kwaye zinokuphunyezwa ngokuchanekileyo ekusebenzeni, nto leyo exabiseke kakhulu eluntwini.
I-e-cigarettes inokunciphisa iindleko zeendleko zonyango
Izifo kunye nomthwalo wezoqoqosho obangelwa ukutshaya bekusoloko kugxilwe kwingqalelo yentlalo.Ngokutsho kwengxelo ye-2018 ye-Action for Smoking and Health e-United Kingdom, inkcitho yonyaka yase-UK ngenxa yokutshaya ifikelele kwi-12.6 yeebhiliyoni zeepounds, kuquka i-British National Health Service (NHS) kwiindleko zonyango kunye nempilo malunga ne-2.5 yezigidigidi zeepounds.
EUnited States, ngokutsho kwe "Annual Healthcare Spending Attributable to Cigarette Smoking: An Update" inqaku elipapashwe kwi-2014 yi-American Journal ye-Preventive Medicine, uhlalutyo lweendleko zonyango ukusuka kwi-2006 ukuya kwi-2010 yafumanisa ukuba i-8.7% yeendleko zonyango ngonyaka iUnited States inokubalelwa kukutshaya, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-170 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngonyaka;ngaphezulu kwe-60% yenkcitho enokuthi ihlawulelwe ziinkqubo zoluntu.
E-China, ingxelo yeZiko loPhando loPhuhliso lwezeMpilo yeSizwe yeKomishoni yezeMpilo yeSizwe yabonisa ukuba umthwalo wezoqoqosho wezifo ezinxulumene necuba kwilizwe lam ngo-2018 wawuyi-3.8 trillion yuan, ilingana ne-4.12% ye-GDP yaloo nyaka;apho, i-83.35% ibe ngumthwalo wezoqoqosho olungathanga ngqo, oko kukuthi, ilahleko yentlalontle yemveliso, kubandakanywa ukukhubazeka kunye nokufa kwangaphambi kwexesha.
Kwangaxeshanye, izifo ezinxulumene necuba zidla phantse i-15% yezibonelelo zonyango zelizwe lam.Ukuba ithathwa njengesifo, inokuthi ibekwe kwindawo yesibini.
Ngoko ke, ngokunciphisa umlinganiselo wabathengi be-cigarettes bendabuko ngokusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes, iindleko zeendleko zonyango kunye nezinye iindleko zentlalo ziya kuncitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo.I-British Health Organisation yafumanisa ukuba i-e-cigarettes inokunyusa izinga lempumelelo yokuyeka ukutshaya malunga ne-50%.Kungenxa yoko le nto i-UK inesimo sengqondo esilungileyo malunga neemveliso ze-e-cigarette kune-US.I-United Kingdom kunye ne-United States ngabona abathengi abaphambili bemidiza ye-electronic atomized emhlabeni.I-United Kingdom ixhasa i-e-cigarettes njengemveliso yabantu abatshayayo ukuba bayeke ukutshaya okanye ukunciphisa umonakalo wecuba zesintu.
"Ikhonkco lemveliso + uphawu" ukuqhuba ngamavili amabini ukomeleza ixabiso lemizi-mveliso
Ukusuka kwimbono yeendlela zophuhliso lwehlabathi, isikali semarike ye-e-cigarette iyaqhubeka nokukhula kwaye isabelo sayo siyaqhubeka nokukhula.Iinkampani ezine ezinkulu zecuba ehlabathini, iPhilip Morris International, iBritish American Tobacco, iJapan Tobacco, neImperial Tobacco zikwimarike ngokufumana nokusungula iintlobo zazo;okwangoku, iimveliso zayo ze-e-cigarette (kubandakanywa i-e-cigarettes, i-e-cigarettes ye-HNB) ichaza umlinganiselo wengeniso Ifike kwi-18.7%, 4.36%, 3.17%, 3.56% ngokulandelelanayo, ebonisa indlela ekhulayo.
Nangona ishishini laseTshayina le-e-cigarette laqala emva kwexesha, lineengenelo kwikhonkco lemizi-mveliso.Iinkampani zaseTshayina ze-e-cigarette zikwindawo ephambili ephambili kumbindi nangaphezulu wekhonkco loshishino.Okwangoku, baye baqulunqa ikhonkco elipheleleyo lemizi-mveliso ukusuka kubathengisi bezinto eziluhlaza ukuya kutsho phakathi kwabayili be-e-cigarette kunye nabavelisi, kunye neenkampani ezithengisayo ezisezantsi.Oku kulungelelaniso olukhawulezileyo lweemveliso ziinkampani zaseTshayina ze-e-cigarette kunye nokuphunyezwa kwendlela yokuvelisa edibanisa i-R&D, uyilo kunye nemveliso.
Ngelo xesha, ngenxa yokuba i-e-cigarettes ngokucacileyo iqhutywe ngeteknoloji kunye neemveliso, kwaye iinkampani zaseTshayina zivame ukubeka ingqalelo ngakumbi kumava omthengi, oku kuya kuthi kwinqanaba elithile liguqulwe libe yinzuzo ye-brand e-cigarette brand yaseTshayina, enokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza. ukuqonda ukusetyenziswa kumanqanaba oqoqosho ahlukeneyo kunye neemeko zenkcubeko phesheya kolwandle.Iimfuno.U-Yao Jianming ukholelwa ukuba ukuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe kufuneka kuqale kuhambelane nemikhwa yokuhlala yasekuhlaleni, inkcubeko, amasiko, njl., ukuze kuvulwe imarike yamazwe ngamazwe.
Kwezo nkampani ze-e-cigarette zaseTshayina eziye zaguquka kwiinkampani ze-Intanethi, zinokuqhutywa ngamava omsebenzisi, zilungile ekudityanisweni kwekhonkco lemizi-mveliso, kwaye iimveliso zabo zinokufezekisa ukuphindaphinda okukhawulezileyo, okubonakala kuluncedo ekwandiseni kwabo imarike yamazwe ngamazwe.Okwangoku, i-RELX, inkokeli kule ntsimi e-China, inengeniso yayo yangaphandle ibalwa kwi-25% yengeniso yayo yonke kwaye isakhula.
Ke ngoko, ngokungafaniyo neebrendi ze-smartphone ezifana ne-Xiaomi kunye neHuawei, ezinokwakha izibonelelo zohlobo oluqolileyo ngokusebenzisa imarike yabathengi yasekhaya eyomeleleyo kunye nezihlwele ngaphambi kokuya phesheya, i-e-cigarettes yaseTshayina ayinazo iimeko ezinjalo phantsi kwempembelelo yemigaqo-nkqubo.Ukuba kulo mongo, ukuba ulawulo lufanelekile, kwaye i-brand ye-e-cigarette yaseTshayina isenokwakha ulwazi oluluqilima lwe-brand phesheya kolwandle, kuya kuba sisalathiso esihle kwezinye iimpawu zaseTshayina ukuya phesheya.
Ngale ndlela, ukuthembela kwi-"industrial chain + brand" yokuqhuba ngamavili amabini kuya kukwazi ukufezekisa ukunyuswa kwexabiso le-e-cigarette yaseTshayina kwikhonkco lemizi-mveliso yehlabathi.
Inkxaso efanelekileyo yeebrendi ze-e-cigarette ukomeleza ixabiso labo lorhwebo lwangaphandle
Ngokusekwe kubume beshishini elikhethekileyo laseTshayina, imarike yangoku ye-e-cigarette yenze ipateni “Yenziwe eTshayina, iSebenzisa eYurophu naseMelika”.Ngo-2018, i-cigarettes ye-elektroniki eyenziwe e-China ibalelwa ngaphezu kwe-90% ye-global total, kwaye i-80% yazo yathengiswa kwiimarike zaseYurophu naseMelika.Ngokwedatha kaLeyi, ngo-2019, amazwe angama-218 kunye nemimandla yehlabathi jikelele yathenga i-e-cigarettes e-China, kwaye ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-China yi-76.585 yebhiliyoni ye-yuan.
Nangona ichatshazelwa ngubhubhane ngo-2020, ukuthengiswa ngaphandle kwe-intanethi kunye nokubonelela ngeemarike kwiimarike zaseYurophu naseMelika ziya kuchaphazeleka.Nangona kunjalo, ngokwedatha yentengiso, umzekelo, uphawu lwe-Anglo International lwe-atomizing ye-cigarette ye-elektroniki izuze ingeniso ye-265 yezigidi zeeponti kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2020, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-40.8%.Idatha yokubeka iliso ye-Nielsen ukusuka kwi-3 ku-Epreli ukuya kwi-2 kaMeyi ibonise ukuba ukuthengiswa kweemveliso eziqhelekileyo ze-e-cigarette kwehle nge-12.8%, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba izinga lokukhula lonyaka liya kuba yi-16.3%.Ke ngoko, impembelelo yobhubhani kwimarike ye-e-cigarette ilinganiselwe, kwaye intsingiselo jikelele yokuthumela ngaphandle ayizukwenza utshintsho olusisiseko.
Kwangaxeshanye, imigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo kwiimarike zaseYurophu naseMelika ngokuthe ngcembe iya icaca ngakumbi, kwaye imfuno yokunciphisa ingozi kunye nokuyeka ukutshaya isekhona, idityaniswa nokungafumaneki ndawo kwekhonkco leshishini le-e-cigarette laseTshayina ngexesha elifutshane, ngoko ke okwangoku. Ulwakhiwo lwemarike luya kuqhubeka ukugcinwa.
Kodwa kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba ixabiso elongeziweyo lokwenziwa kwe-OEM lisezantsi kakhulu kuba ixabiso elongezelelweyo eliphezulu lekhonkco lemizi-mveliso lisekupheleni koyilo lwe-R&D kunye nokuthengiswa kophawu.U-Liu Yuanju, umphandi kwi-Shanghai Institute of Finance and Law, wagxininisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukwakha indlela yophuhliso lweempawu ezizimeleyo emva kwee-OEM ezinkulu, ukwenzela ukwandisa ixabiso labo elongezelelweyo.Ukongeza kwi-brand, uPan Helin ukholelwa ukuba iteknoloji engundoqo engundoqo ibaluleke ngokulinganayo, ngaphandle koko indlela eya kumazwe ngamazwe ayiyi kuhlala ixesha elide ukuba ixhomekeke kuphela kwiindlela zexabiso okanye ukukhula okukhulu.Ke ngoko, abavelisi be-e-cigarette baseTshayina basafuna ukuphucula inqanaba labo le-R&D okanye inzuzo yophawu, kwaye baphuhlisele kwikhonkco lexabiso eliphezulu lekhonkco leshishini.
Ukongeza kumandla enkampani, ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo inokuxhasa ngokufanelekileyo iimveliso zasekhaya kunye nokwandisa iimarike zaphesheya, iya kuphucula ngakumbi imeko yorhwebo lwangaphandle kunye nexabiso lemidiza ye-elektroniki yelizwe lam.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-30-2020